Director - Institute for Information, Information, Law and Policy, New York
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By 2025 patent offices around the world become stewards of the global conversation about science and innovation. Beginning with an experiment by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) in 2007, intellectual property agencies began to use the Internet to enable expert participation in the process of patent examination. They recognized that the wisdom is not at the center but "with the crowd" and technology can be used to solicit the information necessary to remedy the information deficit that lowers the quality of issued patents. The tests conducted by the USPTO and other patent authorities that followed suit the same year showed that a much wider public could submit information to make decision-making about patents both more expert and more democratic. Public participation improves the quality of issued patents and, in turn, enhances innovation, reduces litigation and increases licensing revenues. It also creates an open, public debate about the role of intellectual property in society. This public participation initiative was only the beginning. It launched a movement to create an ongoing, global conversation among the legal, scientific and innovation communities, spurring far greater innovation today in 2025.