https://www.epo.org/en/service-support/faq/searching-patents/espacenet-worldwide-patent-search/how-do-i-search-country

How do I search for the country of the applicant or inventor?

In classic Espacenet, it was possible to search for the applicant or inventor country by using square brackets, e.g. pa = [de]. In new Espacenet, this is only possible via the filter function, where you can include or exclude individual applicant or inventor countries. The advantage of this approach is that you get a statistical evaluation of the applicant and inventor countries in the result set as available in the database, without having to query each country individually.